library(tidyverse)
library(palmerpenguins) # install.packages("palmerpenguins")
library(ggthemes)

penguins
view(penguins)
? penguins

# ggplot
ggplot(data = penguins, 
       mapping = aes(x=flipper_length_mm, y=body_mass_g, colour = species)) +
  geom_point() + 
  geom_smooth(method = "lm")

# ggplot step 2:
ggplot(data = penguins, 
       mapping = aes(x=flipper_length_mm, y=body_mass_g)) +
  geom_point(mapping = aes(colour = species, shape = species)) + 
  geom_smooth(method = "lm")


# ggplot final step:
ggplot(
  data = penguins,
  mapping = aes(x = flipper_length_mm, y = body_mass_g)) +
  geom_point(aes(color = species, shape = species), size = 3.5) +
  geom_smooth(method = "lm") +
  labs(
    title = "Body mass and flipper length",
    subtitle = "Dimensions for Adelie, Chinstrap, and Gentoo Penguins",
    x = "Flipper length [mm]", y = "Body mass [g]",
    color = "Species", shape = "Species") +
  scale_color_colorblind()

#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
# Categorical variables:

# CV step 1:
ggplot(data = penguins, 
       mapping = aes(x=species)) +
  geom_bar()

# CV step 2:
ggplot(data = penguins, 
       mapping = aes(x= fct_infreq(species))) +
  geom_bar()

#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
# Numerical variables:


ggplot(data = penguins,
       mapping = aes(x = body_mass_g)) +
  geom_histogram(binwidth = 350)

ggplot(penguins, aes(x = body_mass_g)) +
  geom_density()


# numerical and categorical

ggplot(penguins, aes(x = species, y = body_mass_g)) +
  geom_boxplot()

# geom density
ggplot(penguins, aes(x = body_mass_g, color = species)) +
  geom_density(linewidth = 0.75)


ggplot(penguins, aes(x = body_mass_g, color = species, fill = species)) +
  geom_density(alpha = 0.5)

# 1.5.2 Two categorical variables
ggplot(penguins, aes(x = island, fill = species)) +
  geom_bar()

ggplot(penguins, aes(x = island, fill = species)) +
  geom_bar(position = "fill")

# Two numerical variables
ggplot(penguins, aes(x = flipper_length_mm, y = body_mass_g)) +
  geom_point()

# Three or more variables
ggplot(penguins, aes(x = flipper_length_mm, y = body_mass_g)) +
  geom_point(aes(color = species, shape = island), size=3.5)

ggplot(penguins, aes(x = flipper_length_mm, y = body_mass_g)) +
  geom_point(aes(color = species, shape = species)) +
  facet_wrap(~island)

ggplot(penguins, aes(x = flipper_length_mm, y = body_mass_g)) +
  geom_point()

setwd("~/lwc/courses/data-science/data-visualization")
ggsave(filename = "penguin-plot.png")