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310 lines
11 KiB
Python
310 lines
11 KiB
Python
"""
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Classes to layout elements in a `.Figure`.
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Figures have a ``layout_engine`` property that holds a subclass of
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`~.LayoutEngine` defined here (or *None* for no layout). At draw time
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``figure.get_layout_engine().execute()`` is called, the goal of which is
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usually to rearrange Axes on the figure to produce a pleasing layout. This is
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like a ``draw`` callback but with two differences. First, when printing we
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disable the layout engine for the final draw. Second, it is useful to know the
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layout engine while the figure is being created. In particular, colorbars are
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made differently with different layout engines (for historical reasons).
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Matplotlib has two built-in layout engines:
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- `.TightLayoutEngine` was the first layout engine added to Matplotlib.
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See also :ref:`tight_layout_guide`.
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- `.ConstrainedLayoutEngine` is more modern and generally gives better results.
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See also :ref:`constrainedlayout_guide`.
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Third parties can create their own layout engine by subclassing `.LayoutEngine`.
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"""
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from contextlib import nullcontext
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import matplotlib as mpl
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from matplotlib._constrained_layout import do_constrained_layout
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from matplotlib._tight_layout import (get_subplotspec_list,
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get_tight_layout_figure)
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class LayoutEngine:
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"""
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Base class for Matplotlib layout engines.
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A layout engine can be passed to a figure at instantiation or at any time
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with `~.figure.Figure.set_layout_engine`. Once attached to a figure, the
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layout engine ``execute`` function is called at draw time by
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`~.figure.Figure.draw`, providing a special draw-time hook.
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.. note::
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However, note that layout engines affect the creation of colorbars, so
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`~.figure.Figure.set_layout_engine` should be called before any
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colorbars are created.
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Currently, there are two properties of `LayoutEngine` classes that are
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consulted while manipulating the figure:
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- ``engine.colorbar_gridspec`` tells `.Figure.colorbar` whether to make the
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axes using the gridspec method (see `.colorbar.make_axes_gridspec`) or
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not (see `.colorbar.make_axes`);
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- ``engine.adjust_compatible`` stops `.Figure.subplots_adjust` from being
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run if it is not compatible with the layout engine.
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To implement a custom `LayoutEngine`:
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1. override ``_adjust_compatible`` and ``_colorbar_gridspec``
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2. override `LayoutEngine.set` to update *self._params*
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3. override `LayoutEngine.execute` with your implementation
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"""
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# override these in subclass
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_adjust_compatible = None
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_colorbar_gridspec = None
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def __init__(self, **kwargs):
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super().__init__(**kwargs)
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self._params = {}
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def set(self, **kwargs):
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"""
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Set the parameters for the layout engine.
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"""
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raise NotImplementedError
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@property
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def colorbar_gridspec(self):
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"""
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Return a boolean if the layout engine creates colorbars using a
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gridspec.
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"""
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if self._colorbar_gridspec is None:
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raise NotImplementedError
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return self._colorbar_gridspec
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@property
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def adjust_compatible(self):
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"""
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Return a boolean if the layout engine is compatible with
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`~.Figure.subplots_adjust`.
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"""
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if self._adjust_compatible is None:
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raise NotImplementedError
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return self._adjust_compatible
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def get(self):
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"""
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Return copy of the parameters for the layout engine.
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"""
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return dict(self._params)
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def execute(self, fig):
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"""
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Execute the layout on the figure given by *fig*.
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"""
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# subclasses must implement this.
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raise NotImplementedError
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class PlaceHolderLayoutEngine(LayoutEngine):
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"""
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This layout engine does not adjust the figure layout at all.
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The purpose of this `.LayoutEngine` is to act as a placeholder when the user removes
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a layout engine to ensure an incompatible `.LayoutEngine` cannot be set later.
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Parameters
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----------
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adjust_compatible, colorbar_gridspec : bool
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Allow the PlaceHolderLayoutEngine to mirror the behavior of whatever
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layout engine it is replacing.
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"""
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def __init__(self, adjust_compatible, colorbar_gridspec, **kwargs):
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self._adjust_compatible = adjust_compatible
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self._colorbar_gridspec = colorbar_gridspec
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super().__init__(**kwargs)
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def execute(self, fig):
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"""
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Do nothing.
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"""
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return
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class TightLayoutEngine(LayoutEngine):
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"""
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Implements the ``tight_layout`` geometry management. See
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:ref:`tight_layout_guide` for details.
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"""
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_adjust_compatible = True
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_colorbar_gridspec = True
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def __init__(self, *, pad=1.08, h_pad=None, w_pad=None,
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rect=(0, 0, 1, 1), **kwargs):
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"""
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Initialize tight_layout engine.
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Parameters
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----------
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pad : float, default: 1.08
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Padding between the figure edge and the edges of subplots, as a
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fraction of the font size.
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h_pad, w_pad : float
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Padding (height/width) between edges of adjacent subplots.
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Defaults to *pad*.
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rect : tuple (left, bottom, right, top), default: (0, 0, 1, 1).
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rectangle in normalized figure coordinates that the subplots
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(including labels) will fit into.
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"""
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super().__init__(**kwargs)
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for td in ['pad', 'h_pad', 'w_pad', 'rect']:
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# initialize these in case None is passed in above:
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self._params[td] = None
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self.set(pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad, rect=rect)
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def execute(self, fig):
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"""
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Execute tight_layout.
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This decides the subplot parameters given the padding that
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will allow the Axes labels to not be covered by other labels
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and Axes.
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Parameters
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----------
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fig : `.Figure` to perform layout on.
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See Also
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--------
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.figure.Figure.tight_layout
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.pyplot.tight_layout
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"""
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info = self._params
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renderer = fig._get_renderer()
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with getattr(renderer, "_draw_disabled", nullcontext)():
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kwargs = get_tight_layout_figure(
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fig, fig.axes, get_subplotspec_list(fig.axes), renderer,
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pad=info['pad'], h_pad=info['h_pad'], w_pad=info['w_pad'],
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rect=info['rect'])
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if kwargs:
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fig.subplots_adjust(**kwargs)
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def set(self, *, pad=None, w_pad=None, h_pad=None, rect=None):
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"""
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Set the pads for tight_layout.
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Parameters
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----------
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pad : float
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Padding between the figure edge and the edges of subplots, as a
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fraction of the font size.
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w_pad, h_pad : float
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Padding (width/height) between edges of adjacent subplots.
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Defaults to *pad*.
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rect : tuple (left, bottom, right, top)
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rectangle in normalized figure coordinates that the subplots
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(including labels) will fit into.
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"""
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for td in self.set.__kwdefaults__:
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if locals()[td] is not None:
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self._params[td] = locals()[td]
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class ConstrainedLayoutEngine(LayoutEngine):
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"""
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Implements the ``constrained_layout`` geometry management. See
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:ref:`constrainedlayout_guide` for details.
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"""
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_adjust_compatible = False
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_colorbar_gridspec = False
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def __init__(self, *, h_pad=None, w_pad=None,
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hspace=None, wspace=None, rect=(0, 0, 1, 1),
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compress=False, **kwargs):
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"""
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Initialize ``constrained_layout`` settings.
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Parameters
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----------
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h_pad, w_pad : float
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Padding around the Axes elements in inches.
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Default to :rc:`figure.constrained_layout.h_pad` and
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:rc:`figure.constrained_layout.w_pad`.
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hspace, wspace : float
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Fraction of the figure to dedicate to space between the
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axes. These are evenly spread between the gaps between the Axes.
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A value of 0.2 for a three-column layout would have a space
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of 0.1 of the figure width between each column.
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If h/wspace < h/w_pad, then the pads are used instead.
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Default to :rc:`figure.constrained_layout.hspace` and
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:rc:`figure.constrained_layout.wspace`.
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rect : tuple of 4 floats
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Rectangle in figure coordinates to perform constrained layout in
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(left, bottom, width, height), each from 0-1.
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compress : bool
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Whether to shift Axes so that white space in between them is
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removed. This is useful for simple grids of fixed-aspect Axes (e.g.
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a grid of images). See :ref:`compressed_layout`.
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"""
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super().__init__(**kwargs)
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# set the defaults:
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self.set(w_pad=mpl.rcParams['figure.constrained_layout.w_pad'],
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h_pad=mpl.rcParams['figure.constrained_layout.h_pad'],
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wspace=mpl.rcParams['figure.constrained_layout.wspace'],
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hspace=mpl.rcParams['figure.constrained_layout.hspace'],
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rect=(0, 0, 1, 1))
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# set anything that was passed in (None will be ignored):
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self.set(w_pad=w_pad, h_pad=h_pad, wspace=wspace, hspace=hspace,
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rect=rect)
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self._compress = compress
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def execute(self, fig):
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"""
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Perform constrained_layout and move and resize Axes accordingly.
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Parameters
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----------
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fig : `.Figure` to perform layout on.
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"""
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width, height = fig.get_size_inches()
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# pads are relative to the current state of the figure...
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w_pad = self._params['w_pad'] / width
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h_pad = self._params['h_pad'] / height
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return do_constrained_layout(fig, w_pad=w_pad, h_pad=h_pad,
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wspace=self._params['wspace'],
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hspace=self._params['hspace'],
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rect=self._params['rect'],
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compress=self._compress)
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def set(self, *, h_pad=None, w_pad=None,
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hspace=None, wspace=None, rect=None):
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"""
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Set the pads for constrained_layout.
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Parameters
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----------
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h_pad, w_pad : float
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Padding around the Axes elements in inches.
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Default to :rc:`figure.constrained_layout.h_pad` and
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:rc:`figure.constrained_layout.w_pad`.
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hspace, wspace : float
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Fraction of the figure to dedicate to space between the
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axes. These are evenly spread between the gaps between the Axes.
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A value of 0.2 for a three-column layout would have a space
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of 0.1 of the figure width between each column.
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If h/wspace < h/w_pad, then the pads are used instead.
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Default to :rc:`figure.constrained_layout.hspace` and
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:rc:`figure.constrained_layout.wspace`.
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rect : tuple of 4 floats
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Rectangle in figure coordinates to perform constrained layout in
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(left, bottom, width, height), each from 0-1.
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"""
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for td in self.set.__kwdefaults__:
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if locals()[td] is not None:
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self._params[td] = locals()[td]
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