basic binary classifier
commit
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```python
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#!pip3 install scikit-learn
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from sklearn import datasets
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iris = datasets.load_iris()
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print(iris.DESCR)
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```
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.. _iris_dataset:
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Iris plants dataset
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--------------------
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**Data Set Characteristics:**
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:Number of Instances: 150 (50 in each of three classes)
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:Number of Attributes: 4 numeric, predictive attributes and the class
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:Attribute Information:
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- sepal length in cm
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- sepal width in cm
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- petal length in cm
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- petal width in cm
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- class:
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- Iris-Setosa
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- Iris-Versicolour
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- Iris-Virginica
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:Summary Statistics:
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============== ==== ==== ======= ===== ====================
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Min Max Mean SD Class Correlation
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============== ==== ==== ======= ===== ====================
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sepal length: 4.3 7.9 5.84 0.83 0.7826
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sepal width: 2.0 4.4 3.05 0.43 -0.4194
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petal length: 1.0 6.9 3.76 1.76 0.9490 (high!)
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petal width: 0.1 2.5 1.20 0.76 0.9565 (high!)
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============== ==== ==== ======= ===== ====================
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:Missing Attribute Values: None
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:Class Distribution: 33.3% for each of 3 classes.
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:Creator: R.A. Fisher
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:Donor: Michael Marshall (MARSHALL%PLU@io.arc.nasa.gov)
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:Date: July, 1988
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The famous Iris database, first used by Sir R.A. Fisher. The dataset is taken
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from Fisher's paper. Note that it's the same as in R, but not as in the UCI
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Machine Learning Repository, which has two wrong data points.
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This is perhaps the best known database to be found in the
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pattern recognition literature. Fisher's paper is a classic in the field and
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is referenced frequently to this day. (See Duda & Hart, for example.) The
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data set contains 3 classes of 50 instances each, where each class refers to a
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type of iris plant. One class is linearly separable from the other 2; the
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latter are NOT linearly separable from each other.
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.. dropdown:: References
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- Fisher, R.A. "The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems"
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Annual Eugenics, 7, Part II, 179-188 (1936); also in "Contributions to
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Mathematical Statistics" (John Wiley, NY, 1950).
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- Duda, R.O., & Hart, P.E. (1973) Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis.
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(Q327.D83) John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-22361-1. See page 218.
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- Dasarathy, B.V. (1980) "Nosing Around the Neighborhood: A New System
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Structure and Classification Rule for Recognition in Partially Exposed
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Environments". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine
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Intelligence, Vol. PAMI-2, No. 1, 67-71.
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- Gates, G.W. (1972) "The Reduced Nearest Neighbor Rule". IEEE Transactions
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on Information Theory, May 1972, 431-433.
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- See also: 1988 MLC Proceedings, 54-64. Cheeseman et al"s AUTOCLASS II
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conceptual clustering system finds 3 classes in the data.
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- Many, many more ...
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```python
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import numpy as np
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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x = iris.data[:,3:4]
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y = (iris.target == 0).astype(int).reshape(-1,1)
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y
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```
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array([[1],
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```python
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def sigmoid(z):
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z = np.clip(z, -500, 500)
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sig = 1.0 / (1.0 + np.exp(-z))
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return sig
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```
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```python
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def log_loss(y, p, eps=1e-12):
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p = np.clip(p, eps, 1 - eps)
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return -np.mean(y*np.log(p) + (1-y)*np.log(1-p))
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```
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```python
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lr=0.1
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epochs=2000
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l2=0.0,
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X = np.column_stack([X, np.ones_like(X)])
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m = X.shape[0]
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theta = np.zeros((2,1))
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```
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```python
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X
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```
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array([[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.4, 1. ],
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[0.3, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.1, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.1, 1. ],
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[0.1, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.4, 1. ],
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[0.4, 1. ],
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[0.3, 1. ],
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[0.3, 1. ],
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[0.3, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.4, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.5, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.4, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.4, 1. ],
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[0.1, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.1, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.3, 1. ],
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[0.3, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.6, 1. ],
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[0.4, 1. ],
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[0.3, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[0.2, 1. ],
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[1.4, 1. ],
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[1.5, 1. ],
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[1.5, 1. ],
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[1.3, 1. ],
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[1.5, 1. ],
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[1.3, 1. ],
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[1.6, 1. ],
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[1. , 1. ],
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[1.3, 1. ],
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[1.4, 1. ],
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[1. , 1. ],
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[1.5, 1. ],
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[1. , 1. ],
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[1.4, 1. ],
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[1.3, 1. ],
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[1.4, 1. ],
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[1.5, 1. ],
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[1. , 1. ],
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[1.5, 1. ],
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[1.1, 1. ],
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[1.8, 1. ],
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[1.3, 1. ],
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[1.5, 1. ],
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[1.2, 1. ],
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[1.3, 1. ],
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[1.4, 1. ],
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[1.4, 1. ],
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[1.7, 1. ],
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[1.5, 1. ],
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[1. , 1. ],
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[1.1, 1. ],
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[1. , 1. ],
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[1.2, 1. ],
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[1.6, 1. ],
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[1.5, 1. ],
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[1.6, 1. ],
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[1.5, 1. ],
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[1.3, 1. ],
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[1.3, 1. ],
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[1.3, 1. ],
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[1.2, 1. ],
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[1.4, 1. ],
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[1.2, 1. ],
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[1. , 1. ],
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[1.3, 1. ],
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[1.2, 1. ],
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[1.3, 1. ],
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[1.3, 1. ],
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[1.1, 1. ],
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[1.3, 1. ],
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[2.5, 1. ],
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[1.9, 1. ],
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[2.1, 1. ],
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[1.8, 1. ],
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[2.2, 1. ],
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[2.1, 1. ],
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[1.7, 1. ],
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[1.8, 1. ],
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[1.8, 1. ],
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[2.5, 1. ],
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[2. , 1. ],
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[1.9, 1. ],
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[2.1, 1. ],
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[2. , 1. ],
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[2.4, 1. ],
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[2.3, 1. ],
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[1.8, 1. ],
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[2.2, 1. ],
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[2.3, 1. ],
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[1.5, 1. ],
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[2.3, 1. ],
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[2. , 1. ],
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[2. , 1. ],
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[1.8, 1. ],
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[2.1, 1. ],
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[1.8, 1. ],
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[1.8, 1. ],
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[1.8, 1. ],
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[2.1, 1. ],
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[1.6, 1. ],
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[1.9, 1. ],
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[2. , 1. ],
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[2.2, 1. ],
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[1.5, 1. ],
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[1.4, 1. ],
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[2.3, 1. ],
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[2.4, 1. ],
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[1.8, 1. ],
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[1.8, 1. ],
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[2.1, 1. ],
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[2.4, 1. ],
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[2.3, 1. ],
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[1.9, 1. ],
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[2.3, 1. ],
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[2.5, 1. ],
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[2.3, 1. ],
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[1.9, 1. ],
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[2. , 1. ],
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[2.3, 1. ],
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[1.8, 1. ]])
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```python
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for i in range(epochs):
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z = X @ theta # (m,1)
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h = sigmoid(z) # (m,1)
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grad = (X.T @ (h - y)) / m # (2,1) <-- from your formula
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theta -= lr * grad
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#if (i % 0 == 0 or t == epochs-1):
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# print(f"{i:4d} loss={log_loss(y, h):.6f} w={theta[0,0]:.6f} b={theta[1,0]:.6f}")
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w, b = theta[0,0], theta[1,0]
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```
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```python
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w
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```
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np.float64(-5.989972912185251)
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```python
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def predict_proba(x, w, b):
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x = np.asarray(x, float).reshape(-1)
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return sigmoid(w*x + b)
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def predict(x, w, b, thresh=0.5):
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return (predict_proba(x, w, b) >= thresh).astype(int)
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```
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```python
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rng = np.random.default_rng(0)
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m = 120
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xNew = np.linspace(-1, 3, m)
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p = predict_proba(xNew, w, b)
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print(f"\nLearned: w={w:.3f}, b={b:.3f}, loss={log_loss(p.reshape(-1,1), p.reshape(-1,1)):.4f}")
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```
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Learned: w=-5.990, b=4.280, loss=0.1361
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```python
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yJitter = y +np.random.uniform(-0.1, 0.1, size=y.shape)
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plt.plot(x, yJitter, 'ok', alpha=0.1)
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plt.plot(xNew,p)
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```
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[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x1154ea850>]
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```python
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```
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