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### Proposed Laboratory Rubric — 100 Points
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| Criterion | Weight | What You Assess |
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| **1. Laboratory preparation** | 10% | Student arrives knowing the objective, circuit/system, required equations, components, and basic procedure. |
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| **2. Experimental implementation** | 20% | Correct assembly, wiring/programming, instrument configuration, appropriate measurement procedure, and safe use of equipment. |
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| **3. Results and measurements** | 15% | Obtains coherent experimental data, records units and conditions correctly, identifies anomalous measurements, and repeats measurements when necessary. |
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| **4. Interpretation and technical reasoning** | 20% | Explains *why* the observed behavior occurs and connects experimental results with theory rather than merely reporting values. |
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| **5. Live technical defense** | **20%** | Answers questions about the circuit, code, equations, measurements, or procedure **individually and without AI assistance**. |
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| **6. Live modification / troubleshooting** | **10%** | Makes a small modification requested by the instructor and predicts/explains its effect. |
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| **7. Laboratory record / brief report** | 5% | Provides concise evidence: measurements, calculations, plots, observations, and conclusions. |
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| **Total** | **100%** | |
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### Performance Scale
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A simple four-level scale would make grading during the laboratory practical:
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| Level | Description | Score |
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|---|---|---:|
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| **4 — Excellent** | Performs independently, explains decisions correctly, detects problems, and relates results to theory. | 90–100% |
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| **3 — Competent** | Performs correctly with minor errors or limited assistance; explanation demonstrates adequate understanding. | 75–89% |
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| **2 — Developing** | Completes part of the task but requires substantial assistance or cannot fully explain the implementation/results. | 60–74% |
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| **1 — Insufficient** | Cannot perform essential procedures or demonstrate understanding of the submitted work. | 0–59% |
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### Important Assessment Rule
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**The report should not compensate for an inability to demonstrate understanding in person.**
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**Authenticity requirement:** A student who cannot explain or modify the submitted circuit, program, analysis, or experimental procedure during the individual defense cannot receive more than **70/100** for the laboratory activity, regardless of the quality of the submitted documentation. |