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How Jupyter works¶

In [1]:

print(x)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In [1], line 1
----> 1 print(x)

NameError: name 'x' is not defined

In [2]:

x=3

Basic commands¶

Jupyter Notebook is widely used for data analysis. The notebooks documents are documents produced by the Jupyter Notebook App, which can contain both code (e.g. Python) and rich text elements (paragraphs, equations, links, etc.).

The Jupyter Notebook App is a client-server application that allows editing and running notebook documents by a browser.

Shortcuts in both modes:¶

Shift + Enter run the current cell, select below
Ctrl + Enter run selected cells
Alt + Enter run the current cell, insert below
Ctrl + S save and checkpoint

While in command mode (press Esc to activate):¶

Enter take you into edit mode and also considers that some commands en Google collab have been modified and require first the Ctr+M command and then the command that you need like change the cell type to Markdown:

H show all shortcuts Ctr+M
Up select cell above
Down select cell below
Shift + Up extend selected cells above
Shift + Down extend selected cells below
A insert cell above
B insert cell below
X cut selected cells
C copy selected cells
V paste cells below
Shift + V paste cells above
D, D (press the key twice) delete selected cells Ctr+M
Z undo cell deletion
S Save and Checkpoint Ctr+M
Y change the cell type to Code Ctr+M
M change the cell type to Markdown Ctr+M
P open the command palette Ctr+M

This dialog helps you run any command by name. It’s really useful if you don’t know some shortcut or when you don’t have a shortcut for the wanted command.

Shift + Space scroll notebook up
Space scroll notebook down

While in edit mode (press Enter to activate)¶

Esc take you into command mode
Tab code completion or indent
Shift + Tab tooltip
Ctrl + ] indent
Ctrl + [ dedent
Ctrl + A select all
Ctrl + Z undo
Ctrl + Shift + Z or Ctrl + Y redo
Ctrl + Home go to cell start
Ctrl + End go to cell end
Ctrl + Left go one word left
Ctrl + Right go one word right
Ctrl + Shift + P open the command palette
Down move cursor down
Up move cursor up

Basics of Python and Programming¶

Using conditionals¶

In [3]:

x = 1 #int(input('Introduce un numero: '))
if x<0:
    print('El valor es negativo')
else:
    print("El valor es positivo")

El valor es positivo

In [5]:

x = int(input('Introduce un numero: '))
if x<0:
    print('El valor es negativo')
else:
    print("El valor es positivo")

Introduce un numero: -5
El valor es negativo

Using for loops¶

In [6]:

nombres = ['juan', 'israel', 'jonathan', 'homero']
for n in nombres:
    print(n)

juan
israel
jonathan
homero

In [7]:

for n in range(1,11):
    print(n)

Arrays and indexing¶

In [3]:

import numpy as np
a = np.array([[1,2],[3,4],[5,6]])

Functions¶

In [5]:

# how to crate functions
def myFuncion(x):
    y = np.sin(x)/np.cos(x)
    return y

Making basic plots¶

In [6]:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
time = np.linspace(0,10)
y = myFuncion(time)
y2 = np.tan(time)
plt.plot(time, y/2,'-g*')
plt.plot(time, y2, ':m+')
plt.show()

Subplot¶

In [7]:

plt.subplot(3,1,1)
plt.plot(time, np.sin(time),'r', label='$y_1$')
plt.legend()
plt.subplot(3,1,2)
plt.plot(time, np.cos(time),'g',label='y2')
plt.legend()
plt.subplot(3,1,3)
plt.plot(time, np.tan(time),'k', label='y3')
plt.legend()
plt.show()

In [8]:

plt.subplot(6,3,1)
plt.plot(time, np.sin(time),'r', label='y_1')
plt.subplot(6,3,2)
plt.plot(time, np.cos(time),'g',label='y2')
plt.subplot(6,3,3)
plt.plot(time, np.tan(time),'k', label='y3')
plt.subplot(6,3,4)
plt.plot(time, np.sin(time),'r', label='$y_1$')
plt.subplot(6,3,5)
plt.plot(time, np.cos(time),'g',label='y2')
plt.subplot(6,3,6)
plt.plot(time, np.tan(time),'k', label='$y_1$')
plt.show()

Some additions task and work¶

Make function that computes the factorial of a given numer using for loops
Make a function that computes 4 functions (sin, cos, tan, logistic) and plots
Make a function that recive your age and classifies you as baby, teenager, ....

factorial¶

In [9]:

def factorial(argument):
    mul=1
    for n in range(1,argument):
        prod = mul*(n+1)
        mul = prod
        print(prod)
    pass

In [11]:

factorial(7)

making plots¶

In [19]:

def myPlots(x):
    y1 = np.sin(x)
    y2 = np.cos(x)
    y3 = np.tan(x)
    y4 = 1/(1+np.exp(-x))
    #plots
    plt.figure(figsize=(10,10))
    plt.subplot(4,4,1)
    plt.plot(x, y1)
    plt.subplot(4,4,2)
    plt.plot(x, y2)
    plt.subplot(4,4,3)
    plt.plot(x, y3)
    plt.subplot(4,4,4)
    plt.plot(x, y4)
    pass

In [21]:

x = np.linspace(-10,10)
myPlots(x)

Age classificator¶

In [44]:

def AgeClassificator(age):
    if age<=2:
        print('You are a baby')
    else: 
        if age <=12:
            print('you are a children')
        else:
            if age<=18:
                print('you are a teenager')
            else:
                if age <=40:
                    print('you are young')
                else:
                    print('You are old-younger')
    pass

In [45]:

AgeClassificator(41)

You are old-younger

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